In dental hygiene, what does scaling primarily refer to?

Scaling primarily refers to the removal of plaque and calculus from the teeth. This procedure is a crucial part of dental hygiene, aimed at maintaining oral health by preventing periodontal disease and cavities. Plaque is a soft, sticky film of bacteria that can harden into calculus (tartar) if not removed through regular dental cleanings. Therefore, scaling involves using specialized instruments to carefully remove this buildup from the tooth surfaces, particularly in areas that are hard to reach, such as below the gumline. This not only helps in keeping the teeth and gums healthy but also forms a fundamental aspect of preventive dental care.

The other options, while relevant to dental practice, do not accurately describe scaling. Orthodontics involves the alignment of teeth, which is not related to the removal of plaque or calculus. Ensuring patient compliance with treatment plans involves behavioral aspects of dental care that go beyond the mechanical act of cleaning teeth. Teaching patients about oral hygiene is an important part of a dental hygienist's role but does not encapsulate the definition of scaling itself.